ABSTRACT
Pain may precede the diagnosis in Parkinson's disease (PD). The goal of this study was to assess the pain in a group of 20 females and 30 males with PD, after excluding co-morbidities as causes. It was used the following tools: Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, McGill questionnaire and Beck Depression Inventory. In 27 patients (54 percent), the pain was associated with PD, occurring in 22 (44 percent) in the off period and 5 (10 percent) in both on and off periods. The off period resulted in an increased frequency of pain, which was related to stiffness. There was no association between pain and tremor in off period, neither between pain and Modified Hoehn and Yahr stage, nor the Schwab and England scale. It was not observed an association between pain and depression, neither between pain and dyskinesia. It was noticed the improvement in pain in 16 patients with levodopa (59.26 percent).
Dor pode preceder o diagnóstico na doença de Parkinson (DP). O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a dor num grupo de 20 mulheres e 30 homens com DP. Após a exclusão das co-morbidades como causa. Foi usado o seguinte: Unified Parkinson`s Disease Rating Scale, o questionário de dor McGill e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Em 27 pacientes (54 por cento), a dor associou-se com a DP, ocorrendo em 22 (44 por cento) no período off e em 5 (10 por cento) nos períodos on e off. O período off resultou num aumento da freqüência da dor, o qual se relacionou com a rigidez. Não houve associação entre dor e tremor no período off, estágio Hoehn e Yahr modificado, nem a escala de Schwab e England. Não foi observado associação entre dor e depressão, nem entre dor e discinesia. Foi observada a melhora da dor em 16 pacientes com levodopa (59.26 por cento).
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pain/etiology , Parkinson Disease/complications , Antiparkinson Agents/therapeutic use , Depression/etiology , Dyskinesias/etiology , Levodopa/therapeutic use , Pain Measurement , Prospective Studies , Pain/drug therapy , Parkinson Disease/drug therapyABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to assess the occurrence of cognitive impairment in 32 individuals (average age: 67.2 years old) with Parkinson' disease (PD). Procedures: clinical-neurological assessment; modified Hoehn and Yahr staging scale (HYS); standard neuropsychological battery of CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer' Disease); Pfeffer questionnaire; and Clinical Dementia Rating. A comparison was made with a control group (CG), consisting of 26 individuals with similar age and educational level but without cognitive impairment. The PD patients showed an inferior performance in the CERAD battery when compared to the CG. Three PD sub-groups were characterised according to cognition: no cognitive impairment - 15 cases; mild cognitive impairment - 10; dementia - 7 cases. There was a significant association between motor disability (HYS) and the occurrence of dementia. Dementia and mild cognitive impairment frequently occur in PD patients and should be investigated in a routine way.
O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a ocorrência de déficits cognitivos em 32 indivíduos (idade média: 67,2 anos) com doença de Parkinson (DP). Procedimentos: avaliação clínico-neurológica, escala de Hoehn and Yahr modificada (EHY), bateria neurospicológica do CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer' Disease), questionário de Pfeffer e escore clínico da demência (Clinical Dementia Rating). Foi feita comparação com grupo controle (GC) de 26 indivíduos sem declínio cognitivo, com idade e nível educacional similares. Os pacientes com DP tiveram desempenho inferior na bateria CERAD, quando comparados ao do GC. Foram caracterizados 3 subgrupos com PD segundo a cognição: sem déficits cognitivos - 15 casos; transtorno cognitivo leve - 10; demência - 7 casos. Houve associação entre comprometimento motor e ocorrência de demência. Demência e transtorno cognitivo leve são freqüentes em pacientes com DP e devem ser investigados de modo rotineiro.